Automotive vehicle



w. MANSFIELD AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE Filed Juno 14, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 w. M. MANSFIELD AUTOMOTIYE VEHICLE Oct, 20 1925'. 1,557,859

Filed June 14. 1920 s Sheets-Sheet; a

Ira/emf Max/ream 77W zaw. M. MANSFIELD.

AUTOKOTIVB VEHICLE Y Filed Jun 14. 1920 5 Sh eets Sheet 5 1,557,859 w. M. MANSFIELD wrouonvs VEHICLE Filed June 141. '1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jew- Patented Oct. 20, 1925.

* UNITED STATES PATENT. oFFfICi-L WARREN M. .MLANSFIELE or aroLI naLLINoIs,f AssIeNomBY M sNn ASSIGNMENTS,

T0 MOLINE IMPLEMENT oo arANY, A CORPORATION or- ILLINOIS.

AUTOMOTIVE vEiiIcLE.

Application filed June 14,

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it knownthat I, WARREN M; MANs- FIELD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Moline, Illinois, have invented certain new and. useful Improvements in Automotive Vehicl'es, of which the following is a specification. I

' The invention relates to automotive vehicles.

It is concerned particularly with tractors of the friction drive type, although it is. not necessarily limited tosuch machines.

Friction drives for automotive vehicles and othermechanism have heretofore been used but the difficulty with them has been that the frictional engagement of the parts:

has been difficult tomaintain in such a Way as to transmit the necessary driving forces. The necessity for eflicient contact of. friction driving parts is very great in atractor because of the heavy load continuously transmitted;

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an improvedfriction drive mechanism in which the frictional engagement of the parts is increased as the load being transmitted is increased.

' Another object is to provide an improved tractor of the friction drive type.v g

A further object is toprovide a tractor having improved" means for control by means of lin'es.--

Other objects and advantages of the'i'nvention will appear from the following de-,

scription:

One embodiment of the invention 1s lllustrated 1n friction drive mechanism and the therefor. l a

Figure 21s a s1m1lar view with some parts omitted,' in order to illustrate more clearly the steering mechanism.

1 Figure 3 is a. plan view. I

Figure 4 is a detailed side elevation portion of the control mechanism.

Figure 5 is a section on the line 55 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a section similar to Figure 5,

ofa

but shows the movable head in position forsteering.

' Figure 7 1s a SQCtiOTl on the line 7-7 of the accompanying drawings in 1920 Sara im'asaess.

Figure 1, showing particularly the difl'eren-' tial driving mechanism.

Figure 8 is adetailed viewof the tractor yoke i Figure 9 1s asectionon the'line s-isof a two-wheel tractor of the unstabletype.

This tractor has two 'drive wheels 1 that carry a main frame 2upon which is mounted a motor 3. Connected to the frame 2is a coupling frame 4 bv means of which the tractor is attached totheimplementto be drawn; The coupling'frame 4 is'pivoted'to the 'main frame'so astoswing-in a horizontal plane and mechanism hereinafter described is provided between the'main'fraine and the coupling framefor moving them relative to each other for steering. Itis to be understood that the invention maybe used with other types of tractors than that illustrated. 1

The friction drive mechanismincliides a driving friction member 6' continuously rotated in a clockwise direction in theembodiment illustrated by the motor 3, and 'an annular driven friction member 7.

The annular driven member 7' is U-shaped 11'1 cross section as shown an Figure .3 and the driving member 6 is positioned within the annular space thus provided. The diameter of the driving member 6is less than 'the'width of'the -spacebetween the inner and outer walls 8 and 9 respectively of the annular drivenmemberso that it can be held in neutral position out of contact with "both walls or moved into contact with either 'ofthem..

' 'A reversal inthe directionof driving the tractor mechanism is secured by having the I driven member, 7 arranged so that it may be moved to cause either of the friction surfaces '8 or 9 to contactthe driving memher 6. For this purpose the following construction is'employed: c

The driven member 7 is mounted upon a 'jack shaft 10 carried by arms 11, one at each end of the shaft, pivoted to the tractor frame at the points 12as illustrated in Figures 1: and 4. The shaft 10 and its driven member 7 may be shifted to bring either of the driven friction'surfaces 8 or 9 into con-v tact with the driving member 6 by means of the rods 13, vi/iliicljare operated by means of control mechanism herinafterdescribed. There are two rods 13, one connected to the shaftldnear each end thereof and joined' l in ball or roller bearings as shown inFigure 5 the tractor.

mean Q t e meter r g th lr g' e. a arries a e i e d dr vi g pinie which mesh with the annular-or hull gears e ae ed i j the drivin h els-' of The tractor is thus dr ven by memes it ll l i e member teed, t e j shaft 10, carrying the pinions 15 meshing wi h t bai gas 1 1- I ill i d rteod at *Wh n i k h 0 m e it it ri e P i h pi i ne e mp 1 1 al ens t ll gears e r d stan -2 without appreciably affecting, the coinci dence o :th pitcii cirelesi of the pinions and h seats When he control rods 18 are pushed; forward the i k e l m driv n m m e I a megvedtin a le e sw se d ee ien abou r ets and e ns t; t ietien su f t 8 1 contacts the dri ing member 6. This causes the driven mem er to rotate in a counterle kw s l sss iofi e tteen e it st b ward movement of the tractor. VVhen'the vcontrol are pulled backward, the

i e'k s af sateen et-a t er i a counter-clockwise directionabout pivot 12 c u ing h eerie-9e .9. ts engage, en s i m eetej t reb tet t es the imes membe 7 "i a e e zvi e di ec io d; Ca sin the, tractor. to move, forward,

The 1 contact between i the in m mbetand h en mem er 7 e increases proportion to, the forces necessary to turn thetractor. wheels.

This

' w be e e rob er i g ha e dri ieanie'm let 6 when e etiee-in e k ie directlon tends to rotate the driven member 7 inga' cloekwise directionwhich in turn rotat s t p i ns '5 h i'b t ea t""i e e eek ee. ire et-.. h FEW-313,01? Wheel howe r-1 efii eee ee e m t- 4 sothat; 3416810111011 isset up which tends to nioveflthe jack shaft 10 count e-rcl(; ..ck;wise

about its pivots 12. In-other words,;t;he first,

aetion; is. not to turn thetractorwheels but to, cause the 54. 1;; shaft to rotate counter- W- QP ll e he e ies te t e e ek i l ehel t h rivets 2- heter et th t at-ti s, of; th t t rd r Wh el the jack,shaftv 1Q, counter-clockwise about the pivot '12 and thisreaction is directly transmitted to the driven member 7 to move itthe clockwise rotating disc 6. The driven bodily counter-clockwise to build up the contact pressure between its surface '9 and the driving disc 6.

The same reaction takes place when the mechanism is driven in the opposite direction. In that case, the jack shaft 10 will have been moved by the control rods 13 in a clockwise direction so as to bring the friction surface 8 of member 7 into contact with member 7 will be rotated in a counter-clockwise direction and the pinions and bull gears will be rotated in the same direction. The

r ien f he, dr e; Whee en b11117 seat ill hen e n e. lei k ie'e. di e t tendin to mo the ieek sha t n driven em er 7 bodily in a clockwise direction, thereby increasing the. frictional- .contact between the driving member 6 and the surface 8 of the driven member 7 I It will thus be observedthat a friction drive has been provided inwhich; the frictional onta t pr re etw en the dri and driven parts is, varied in, proportion to the driving'forces transmitted. The re,a'ction caused by the resistance ogf'the tractor or other mechanism causes, the frictional contact pressure to, build up; rapidly after the discs are "once brought into; engagement.

W n e ing l-" i d e ug tetm i he et n of he ractor end e asienelzly to throw the driven member 7 forward and out of contact with the, driving meinber 6 a d: this. tend ney s g tlya ie d by th pr ns (F 'ehis tendenea s rcome by the, driving reaction, Only. when power is transmitted from the motor tetractor wheels 1, VVhen the ttractorruns in a rut or otherwise runs; ahead of motor. 3, there is littleiorno power: transmitted from 1 the motor to tractor wheels. 1 and therefore, there is no reaction tending to. hold the'frictions in contact. At such times thejar is liable tobreal; the contact and spring 35 -vyill tend to prevent recontacting between the driving member 6 and annular drum 9} In practical construction, the linlgs33. 34 can telescope sufficiently so that the spring 35 can hold the outer wall 9 out of contact with driving disc 6. A spring 17' is used, to, overcome the force of spring 35. and, remake the contact between the driving disc, 6, and the outer wall 9. After thiscontact is-again made, the contact pressure; willf'rapidly, build up by reason of; thereaction, referred; 0,1 above. This action could take place. instantaneously. so that there would;be no slowing down in the speed, of travel,

The, control mechanism for shifting the position of the jack shaft 10 tnm n the 7 medium of rods; 13 comprise sin, general a control head; 20 that is; manipnlated by means of lines 21, extending over pulleys or sheaves 22 and connected to. the. ends ofa steering control lever 23, shown in Figure 3, the mat nipulation of which will hereinafter be described in detail. The control head is normally latched in the neutralposition shown in Figure 1 in which position, the jack shaft 10 is held so that the driving disc 6 does not contact either of the surfaces 8 or 9 of driven mechanism is operated to cause the tractor to go forward. If, after the two lines are given the initial pull for vunlatching the control head, they are pulled back further,

the head will be rotated in a counter-clockwise direction to operate the control mechanism to cause the tractor to move backward.

The mechanism for accomplishing these results is as follows: I v

The control head 20 is shown in detail in Figures 4:, 5, 6 and 10. 7 It carries 4 pulleys or sheaves 22. The two upper ones, are fastened to shafts 25 free to rotate in bearings in the control head 20. The 2 lower sheaves are fastened to similar shafts 25 free to rotate in a movable head 26, piv-f otally mounted on the sliding pin 28 which is biased into the position shown on the drawings by a spring 27. The sliding pin 28 is reduced in diameter at the lower end to co-operate with notches 29 and '32 in keeper plate 30 fixed to the frame. The control lines 21 pass over the-tops of the upper pulleys and around the bottoinsof- WVhen only one line is the lower pulleys. pulled the movable head 26 swings into a diagonal position shown in Figure" 6.'

A pull on both lines first tends to slide the head 26 upwardly against the force of spring 27. The strength of the spring is such that an initial pull or jerk on both lines will easily unlatch the rock arm but when only one line is pulled, no movement will take place. contributes to assist in this action because, when one line only is pulled, the tendency is to move the sliding head to a diagonal positionand lock it in placeinstead of sliding it. 7

The upward movement of the sliding head 26 islimited by the engagement of the head with the surfaces 31 on a part of the control head but the movement is sufficient to unlock the head. WVhen such movement is completed, the force of the pull on both lines, if continued, will move the rock arm in a counter-clockwise direction.

To drive forward both lines 21 are pulled The character of the parts back slightly to unlatch the control head and then slackene d sothat the headwill be moved by a spring or other' biasing means in a clockwise direction. Thismay be easily done'by giving the lines a 'light pull and then releasing them. The *light pull will unlatch the control head and,

when the lines are released, the spring will move it before it has an opportunity' to again become latched in neutral position.

'When the control head has been moved to its forward position, the latch pin 28 engages a second notch'32 in the keeper plate, so as to' lock the control head in forward position. It will be apparent tll'fltillQCOlP trol head may be moved frolnforward to neutral position by simply'pulling the lines; the first pull unlatching it and a continued pull moving it to neutral position.

The motion ofthe control head is transmitted to the control rods 13 through two telescoping links 33 and 34, biased apart by a spring 35. One of these llIlkSdS connected to the rock'arm, and the other we crank 36 on the shaft 14. This shaft carries two additional cranks 38 towhich the control rods 13 areconnected. When-the control head moves in a clockwise direction,

the shaft 14: is rotated to move'the control i in turn moves the jack shaft ,10 in a counter-clockwise direction. This is the movement for driving'a tractor forward. When the control head. is: moved in counterclockwise direction, a reverse movementof the other parts takes place, and-the tractor is driven'backward. The telescoping connection between the links '33 and 34 is for the purpose of permitting movement of the control head to neutral position irrespective of whether ornot-thejack shaft is moved by the controlghead to its neutral position.

This relative'movement of the parts serves ward position. Instead the operator must hold the control head in that position against the tension of spring 40 by means of the lines '21.

The backward or counter-clockwise movement of the control head is transmitted to the'control rods13 by means of the links,

cranks and shaft hereinbef-ore described, it being understood that the backward movement of the control head moves these parts in the reverse direction from the forward movement of the control head "and" serves rods in a counter-clockwise direction,fwhich" to throw surface 8, of the driven friction member? intoengagement with the drivmg. disc 6, so. as to drive the mechanism backward.

V The control mechanism above described serves not only to move the jack shaft so as tobringthefri'ction discs into engage- I meet. for drivingthe tractor'either forward 10'1- backward but it also acts to return the parts to neirtral'position. s r

When, the tractor has been going forward and it is desiredto stop, a'pull, on the I ward and it is desired to return to neutral, the force tending-to return the parts to neutral and disengage the discs is the force exerted by the spring 10. connected, to the oontrol head. I g g I When traveling forward with a tractor of medium;- sizegthe forces holding the frictions in contact and resulting from the reaction setup in the drive mechan sm, is very large Therefore, 1t is-not ordinarily practical to rely on a pull of control lines 21 to break the contact.

In order to insure absolute control, a

power operated, mechanism has been provided which automaticallyoperates todisengage the discs: if they doinot readily separate when the control mechanism 18 operated by hand, This mechanism 18 shown in detail in Figure tand will now-be described.

PiWo-ted at the pointon,- the frame is: an

i arm 51 having a "IE-head provided with two cam surfaces: 52: and 5 3 surrounding a cird cular cam 54: on the jack shaft 10.. The,

I the bottom, of, the, T-head and, are sepa-- cam surfaces 52' and 5,3 convergegtoward rated toward the topsva. sufficient distance so that, thecam roller 54:, does not touch either cam. surface, even thoilghthe shaft 130 is swung. about. its; pivot 12. whenshifted V g on the cam surface, lncreasingthe frictional for controlling the frietiondrivel v .The arn' .51 has projection 55 carrying acam roller 56 which engages the under snrface of a latcharm 57 pivoted to--the frameiofg the tractor. The-outer end of the.

latch arm,- 57 is notched at 58- as shown in.

Eigure 5 and normally. engages a cam roller 59, onthe control headv 20. Aspring 60" attached -to. the arm 51 and to thecontrol head bracket normally biases the arm 51' to the full line position shown inFigure 41111;7hlCh all parts are in neutral position- When the control head. 20v 5 moved in either direction to. shift; the friction, drive. to operatethe mechanism forwardly or rearwardly, the cam59' rolls out of thegroove 58 andbiasesthelatch arm 57against the:

arm 51 and thereby swings said arm in a clockwise direction about vitspivot. The T- head end ofthe armeis thus moved down so but the friction discs stick, the action is as that the cam 54 on jack shaft 10 will not touch either of the cam surfaces as? the jack shaft is shifted, However, when the control head 20 is'moved back toneutral position, the cam roller 59 rolls into the notch in the latch arm 58 'andthe springbO pulls the arm 51 counter-clockwise. One of the surfaces 52 or 53 is thus brought into contact with the cam roller 54': on the rotating jack shaft 10.

When the tractorhas been going forward,

the operation of the power'mechanis'm" for returning thejack shaft to neutral is as follows:

Jack shaft 10 will have been moved in a counter-clockwise direction inv order to have driven the tractor forward and the shaft 1 itself will be rotating in a clockwise direction. The control head will bein its clockwise position and the arm 5llwill be pushedv down to the dotted line position illustrated This.

the control head will become latched in heutral' position and; cause the cam roller 59 to rol'linto notch 58 on latch lever 57,-ther'e-, by permitting the spring 60 to pull the arm 51 upwardly. As the arm moves" upwardly the cam surface 52' of the T-head will enga 'ge the rotating cam. 54 on the rotating jack shaft, because in the forward-going, position of the parts the ack shaft willfbe in its counter-clockwise position. Y The jf'a'ck shaft is rotating clockwise, and as the cam surface 52 engages the rotating, cam, the

tendency, Will'be for the cam to ride down itself tends to forceit to a neutral position.

' When the tractor has been moved backward and it is desired" to return to neutral follows:

Thecont'rol head 20 willbe in its counterclockwise position, the arm 51 will. have been forced downward and the jack shaft 1.0 will bein its fiirtliermost. clockwise position. As the lines are s'lackedzt'o permit the control head-to b e returned' tOilllll'ilZll by the spri'n'g' 10, the. tendency is for the control head to move the jack shaft in a counter-clockwise direction. about pivots 12. If the jack shaft sticks howev'er,.the con trol head will nevertheless move to neutral position because the telescoping links 33 and 34 permit such movement with very lit tle resistance. Thev control head thus be comes locked in neutral position, permitting the cam roller 59 to roll intonotch 58 inthe lever, thereby permitting the spring 60 to move the arm 51 with its T-head upwardly. As the T-head moves upwardly its cam surface 53 comes into contact with the rotating cam 54 on the jack shaft 10, it being understood that the jack shaft in its further-most clockwise position. shaft is rotating, in this case, in a counterclockwise direction and as the cam surface 53 engages it, the tendency will be for the cam roller to roll down on the cam surface increasing the frictional contact as it goes and forcing itself counter-clockwise to neu tral position at the same time that it forces the T-lre-ad arm upwardly.

This mechanism is entirely automatic, that is it operates automatically in case the jack shaft does not move to neutral position when the controls are moved to neutral position.

The steering mechanism is illustrated most clearly in Figures 2 and 3. It is power operated and includes a shaft driven by suitable means from the engine. This shaft 70 extendsrearwardly and is provided with a universal coupling 7 2for permitting lateral movement of the rear shaft section 73. The rear shaft section carries a cone 74 which operates between two cone discs 75 and 76shown in Figure 3, and the shaft rotates in a bearing 77 carried by a sliding arm 78 connected to a lever 79 which in turn is pivoted to the tractor frame; The free end of the arm 79 is bifurcated and arcrank 80 connected to the .control lever 23 operates in this bifurcation. It will be apparent that whenever either of thelines 21 is pulled, the control lever 23 will be rocked about its pivot which in turn will move the'lever 79 and sliding arm 78 togetherwith the shaft section 7 3 and the cone 74. In this manner the cone 74 may be moved into engagement with either ofthe cone discs 75 or 76, de-.

pending upon which of the lines 21 is pulled. The arrangement is such that whenthe right. hand line is pulled, the cone 74 is moved into engagement'with the disc 76 and when the left hand line is pulled, the, cone is moved into engagement with the .disc 75.

The discs 75 and 76 are fixed to a shaft 81 which is journaledon suitable bearings on the frame and carries on its end a worm gear 82 meshing with-a worm wheel 83 The jack one direction'and when thelefthand line is pulled, the shaft 81' and the sector willube moved in the other direction. The arrangement is such that when'the right handline' is pulled, the "tractor is steered to theright' and when the'left hand line is pulled, the

tractor is steered to the left.-

As hereinb'efore explained, "the; operation of the steering lever 23 by meansof thelines does not interfere with: the'operation of the controlling head 20. '{When only ne i of the lines'ispulle'd, the control'headis'not moved but the steering control leveri'j-is' moved. When both" of the lines are" pulled; the control head 20'is movedbut the steer-' ing control is not moved. 1 I 1 The differential driving connection between the' friction wheel 7 and the jack' shaft 10 is illustrated in detail in Figure 7 The driven friction wheel is annular in shape and thedifferential'is positioned] in its hollow interior; I The inner annular rim has projections formed on-its interior and to these projections is bolted the differential housing 91 which has a hub portion 92. The housing is preferably mounted on ball or roller bearings as shown so that there will be avery small loss of'power due to friction. 1

The diflerential housing carries aplurality of bevel pinions 93' each of which meshes with the bevel gears 94 and 95' mounted on the hub o f the differential hous ing. *Rings are provided which serve tohold the grease or oil within the housing and to prevent dust from entering.

Each of the bevel'ge'ars 94 ande5 has a hub 97 extending outwardly and at the end of each is a'flange 98 with sprocket teeth 99 thereon.

The bevel'gear 94 shaft 10 by means of a coupling member 100 which is keye'd to the shaft and which has a .flange 101provided with teeth ar ranged to coincide with the teeth 99 on the flange 98 of the bevel gear 94. A sprocket chain of'suita-ble size is woundabout" the sprocket teeth and thelends of the chain connectedsjl' This serves to connect thebevel gear 94 tothe shaft 10; r

The bevel gear 95 is coupled with the drivingpinion 140 by means of a. coupling member :102, which is journaled' 'to rotate freely on the jack shaft10', This;coupling em payee was fla ge 1 ean;

. I p i is connected to the jack wheels, driving. connections between the power plant and drive wheels, manually operable means for connecting and disconerable means for connecting and disconnecting the driving mechanism, and power operated means arranged to automatically operate in case the manually controlled means doesnot disconnect the driving connection,

o to forcibly disconnect the same by power.

' 6.'A tractor having a power plant, drive wheels, and driving connections between the power plant and drive wheels, rein controlled means for connecting and disconnecting the driving mechanism, and power operated means for automatically and forcibly disconnecting the driving mechanism in case the same is not disconnected by the rein controlled means.

' 7. A tractor having a power plant, drive wheels, driving connections between the power plant and drive wheels including friction members arranged so that the contact between them is increased as the load to be transmitted is increased, manually op-' erable means for engaging and disengaging the friction members, and power operated means for forcibly disengaging the friction members incase they are not disengaged by an operation of the manually operable means.

8'. A tractor having a power plant, drive wheels, driving connections between the power plant and driving wheels including friction members arranged so that the reac tion of the drive wheels increases the frictional contact of the members as the load to be transmitted increases, rein controlled means for engaging and disengaging the friction members, and power operated means arranged to automatically disengage the friction members when the same are not disengagedby an operation of the manually operable means.

9. A tractor having a power plant, drive wheels, driving connections between the power plant and drive wheels including a clutch mechanism, rein controlled means for connecting and disconnecting said clutch mechanism, and power operated means for automatically disconnecting the clutch mechanism in the event it is not disconnected by an operation of the rein controlled means.

10. A tractor having a power plant, drive wheels, driving connections between the power plant and drive Wheels includin a clutch, rein controlled means for connecting and disconnecting theclutch, and power operated means rendered active by an opera-- tion ofthe rein controlled meansv to automaticallydiscom'iect the clutch in case the same is not disconnected by the operation of therein controlledmeans. y

" llaA tractor having a power plant, drive wheels, and driving connections between thepower plant and drive wheels including a driv ng friction member and a drlven frie tionmember, said driven friction member.

being adapted to'serve as a belt pulley and being arranged so that it may be moved into and out of contact with the driving -fric-. tion member so as to be driven in either; direction without driving the tractor.

12. A tractor having apower plant, drive wheels, and driving connections between the power plant and drive wheels including a clutch mechanism one member'of which :is adapted to serve as a belt pulley, and means for connecting and disconnecting the clutch mechanism so as to drive'the belt pulley member in either direction without driving the tractor.

13-. A'tractor having a power plant, drive wheels, and driving connections between the power plant and drive wheels;including a driving friction member and a driven friction member arranged to serve as 'a belt pulley andnorma-lly connected to drive the drive wheels but arranged so that it maybe disconnected from said drive wheels, and means formoving thedriven friction mem ber into-and --out"ofengagement with the driving friction member so that it may be driven in either direction. r

l4. tractor having; a power plant, drive wheels, driving mechanism between the powerplant" and drive wheels including a clutch, steering mechanism, power operated means for disengaging the clutch, and rein controlled mechanism arranged to steer the tractorby a pull 'on either line and so that the clutch'may be engaged and disengaged for driving the tractor forward and backward or stoppingait by a pull on both lines, said mechanism also rendering said power means active to: automatically return the clutch to neutral if the same is not returned by an operation of the reins.

15. A tractor having a power plant, drive wheels, driving connections between the power plant and drive wheels including a driving friction member and a driven friction member, power operated means for disengaging said members, steering means, and rein controlled mechanism arranged to operate the steering means by a pull on either rein, to connect and disconnect the friction members by a pull on both reins to thereby drive the tractor forward and backward and to stop it and to render the power operated 45 driven continuously by the power plant, a]

plane of its rotation parallel to the drive 'wheels into and out of engagement with por v position to neutral for automatically and forcibly disengaging the friction driving mechanism if the same is not directly disengaged by an operation of the rein controlled means.

1 '17. A tractor having a driving mechanism including a friction member pivoted so that itmay benioved into and out of engagement with a driving friction member to be drivenin either direction, rein controlled means for moving the driven member into and out of engagement with the driving membem, and power opera-ted means for forcibly disengaging the friction members if the's'ame' are not disengaged by an operation of the rein controlled means.

18. Rein controlled mechanism for tractors including a; control head pivoted near its center and having means adjacent one end over which reins may pass, and means adjacent the other end under which reins may pass so that a pull on the reins will tend to swing the control head about its pivot, a latch mechanism for the control head, the means on one end of the control he'ad being connected with the latch-mechani'sm so that when both reins are pulled the latch mechanism is operated to release the control head, but, when only one rein is pulled, the latch mechanism is not operated.-

19; A tractor having drive wheels, a power plant,- a driving mechanism including friction driving means rotatable on a fixed axis and in a plane parallel to the plane of the drive wheels, said friction means being friction driven member mounted to rotate in a plane parallel to the plane of, the drive wheels, means for mounting the driven memher so that it may be moved bodily in the tions of the friction driving means moving in opposite directions to thereby enable the driven member to be optionally driven in opposite directions, driving connections between the driven friction member and the tractor drive wheels, and line-controlled mechanism for moving the driven frict on member bodily into and out of engagement;

withthe driving friction means. ,7 J g 20. A tractor having drive wheels,,a power plant, a friction "driving mechanism including means rotated continuously the power plant about a fixed axissubstantially parallel to the axis of the drive wheels, a

friction driven member extending over the driving means and mounted to rotate about an axis substantially parallel to the axis ofthe drive wheels, said driven member being movable bodily in the plane of its rotation so that it may be moved into and outof frictional engagement with portions ofthe driving means moving in opposite directions to thereby be optionally rotated in either direction,- driving connections between the driven member and the tractor drive wheels,

and line controlled mechanismfor moving the driven member into and out of engagement with the driving means;

- 21. Rein cont-rolled mechanism forcontrolling the steering of a tractor and the 11;:

starting, stopping, and driving of the same in either direction by moving a friction member into and out of engagement with another friction member, comprising a contro'l head normally latched in position and arranged so that it will remain latched wheneitherline is pulled separately but will be unlatched when both lines are pulled together, means controlled by the control head and cooperating with one of the friction" members for utilizing the power of the friction member to disengage said member vfrom 7 its driving position, said means being ren dered active when the control head is moved from either o'f its driving positionsvto neu tral without at the same time moving the friction member to neutral, whereby the fric: tion member is forcibly moved to neutral position by its own power. p In testimony whereof, I have affixed my signature.

WVA-RREN M. MANSFIELD. 

